課程大綱

課程資訊

課程名稱	生態系統模擬 ECOLOGICAL MODELING AND SIMULATION
開課學期	98-2
授課對象	理學院海洋生物及漁業組
授課教師	許建宗
課號	Ocean7079
課程識別碼	241 M2820
班次
學分	3
全/半年	半年
必/選修	選修
上課時間	星期五5,6,7(12:20~15:10)
上課地點	115學生研
備註	本課程中文授課,使用英文教科書。總人數上限：12人

課程簡介影片
核心能力關聯	本課程尚未建立核心能力關連
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課程概述	本課程為研究所課程，如大學部時曾修習過工程數學或相關課程者，較易且適合選修。課程內容以建構生態模式和模擬方法為主，每周講授方法論二小時，討論或作業或軟體練習一小時。本課程三學分，課程內容由模式的構成，性質，種類和建構開始。在探討模式建構之數理性質，求解方法，統計學，資料等的應用，和模式穩定性。講解中，會引用數個生物和環境互動的例子，以做為學習和理解的依據。詳細內容可分為：系統分析和模擬在野生生物與漁業的應用；模式組成概念，計量特性、確認和過程與模式應用；模擬模式和評估；管理意涵和生態資料套適方法與範例；並可能選擇性介紹機率型方法建構模式和空間最佳化模式等。課課程在課堂發給講義及參考文獻。一同學學習互動情形和作業考核，不另做定時考試。
課程目標	了解數學模式在生物學和生態學的建構方法、意義和應用。
課程要求	修習同學應熟悉電腦程式，或套裝軟體，如Fortran，C， C++，等之撰寫；或SAS，Matlab，R等之套裝軟體的應用。
預期每週課後學習時數
Office Hours	另約時間備註：用e-mail或電話約時間
指定閱讀	課堂中指定。
參考書目	(1) Ford, A. 1999. Modeling the environment: An introduction to system dynamics modeling of environmental systems. Island Press, Washington, D.C. 401 pp. (2) Gold, H.J. 1977. Mathematical modeling of biological systems: An introductory guidebook. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 357 pp. (3) Grant, W. E. 1986. Systems analysis and simulation in wildlife and fisheries sciences. Wiley & Sons. New York. (4) Grant, W.E., E.K. Pedersen, and S.L. Marin. 1997. Ecology and Natural Resource Management: Systems Analysis and Simulation. Wiley, New York. 373 pp. (5) Haefner, J.W. 1996. Modeling Biological Systems: Principles and Applications. Chapman and Hall, New York. 473 pp. (6) Hall, C.A.S. and J.W. Day, Jr. 1977. Ecosystem modeling in theory and practice. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 684 pp. (7) Hannon, B. and M. Ruth. 1994. Dynamic Modeling. Springer-Verlag, New York. 248 pp. (8) Hilborn, R. and M. Mangel. 1997. The ecological detective – confronting models with data. Princeton University Press. Princeton, N.J. (9) Jeffers, J.N.R. 1978. An introduction to systems analysis with ecological applications. University Park Press, Baltimore, MD. 198 pp. (10) Kitching, R.L. 1983. Systems ecology: An introduction to ecological modelling. University of Queensland Press, St. Lucia, Queensland. 280 pp. (11) Neill, W.H., and 14 co-authors. 2004. Ecophys.Fish: A simulation model of fish growth in time-varying environmental regimes. Rev. Fish. Sci. 12:233-288. (12) Odum, H.T. and E.C. Odum. 2000. Modeling for all scales: An introduction to system simulation. Academic Press, New York. 458 pp. (13) Pattern, B. C. (ed.) 1971. Systems analysis and simulation in ecology. V.1. Academic Press. New York. (14) Swartzman, G.L. and S.P. Kaluzny. 1987. Ecological simulation primer. Macmillan, New York. 370 pp.
評量方式 (僅供參考)

課程進度

週次	日期	單元主題
第1週	2/26	Class arrangements and introduction to ecosystem modeling and simulation
第2週	3/05	Use of system analysis and simulation
第3週	3/12	Conceptual model formulation (I)
第4週	3/19	Conceptual model formulation (II)
第5週	3/26	Quantitative specification of models
第6週	4/02	Model validation, model process and model uses
第7週	4/09	The ecological scenario and the tools of the ecological detective
第8週	4/16	Alternative views of the scientific methods and of modeling
第9週	4/23	Probability and probability models: know the data
第10週	4/30	Data confrontation (I): sum of squares
第11週	5/07	The confrontation (II): likelihood and maximum likelihood
第12週	5/14	The confrontation (III): Bayesian goodness of fit
第13週	5/21	The confrontation (IV): understanding how the best fit is found
第14週	5/28	Ecosystem modeling and simulation examples (I): by catch study
第15週	6/04	Ecosystem modeling and simulation examples (II): Monte Carlo simulation
第16週	6/11	Ecosystem modeling and simulation examples (III): Evolutionary ecology
第17週	6/18	Ecosystem modeling and simulation examples (IV): management of hake fisheries What are the ecosystem-based performances in future?